In hardly industrialized countries like Madagascar charcoal is an important source of energy for food preparation. Charcoal is produced by char-pit method, carbonizing wood. Environmental damage is inevitable as deforestation and erosion are the result of intensive logging.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
M. Soandra cutting down a mango tree, using it's wood for charcoal production.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
M. Babayamba setting a newly build coal burner wood pile on fire.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
"Charbonnier" M. Mahavisoa, posing with his spade.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
M. Babayamba supplying his coal burner wood pile with new pieces of wood.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
New charcoal, still burning.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
M. Babayamba at work in his pit.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
M. Mahavisoa arranging his charcoal pit.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
Family members of M. Babayamba collecting new charcoal.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
Newly harvested charcoal being shown.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
Charcoal sellers setting up busines early morning in Hell-ville.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
Sellers of small portions of charcoal on a street market in Hell-ville.
Madagascar, Nosy Be
Eating house owner Mme. Sylvia Naviantsara preparing food on 5 charcoal stoves.